Microbial diseases of the mouth and oral cavity microbiology. May 30, 2018 hpv infections have received particular attention in recent years, as highrisk strains have been linked to some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Feb 12, 2010 the oral cavity is home to a rich flora of bacteria. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Oral viral infections of adults the endoexperience. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions in discussed in this article and will provide the family practitioner with an up to date guide to better diagnosis and management.
Oral infections, a mirror of our overall health condition. The viruses also may be transmitted via oralgenital contact. A wide range of viral infections can affect the oral cavity. Viral oral infections are virus that can affect the mouth and oral area. The oral cavity, eyes and genitalia are affected by hsv1, whereas the genitalia are mainly involved in hsv2.
The common cold is a generic term for a variety of mild viral infections of the nasal cavity. Oral mucosal ulcers range from ulcers due to minor local trauma to significant diseases such as bacterial, viral and fungal infections, malignancy and. Obligate intracellular parasites enters host cell in order to replicate. These infections tend to spread along planes of least resistance from the supporting structures of the affected tooth. The oral cavity is home to a rich flora of bacteria. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions is. The clinical presentation, pathogenic mechanism, investigations, and. A few respiratory infections manifest their primary symptoms at other locations in the body. Pdf oral manifestations of viral infections researchgate. Oral viral infections are encountered in dental practice but received less clinical interest due to the lesser frequency of patients and diagnostic challenges. Periodontology 2000 oral viral infections of adults. Odontogenic orofacial infections arise either from dental caries or periodontal infections that have extended beyond the alveolar bone to involve the fascial spaces around the face and oral cavity.
This article discusses viral conditions of the oral cavity, including. Oral and dental management related to radiation therapy for head and neck cancer periodontal disease, rampant caries, and oral fungal and bacterial infections. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about fungal infection in oral cavity ppt. Detection of the viral antigen and tzanck test are useful for diagnosis. The clinical recognition of viral diseases in oral cavity is difficult because of similarities in the clinical picture of several mucosal diseases unrelated to viral agents. Many biomolecules in saliva have antiviral activities for specific viruses 74. Probably most common amongst these worldwide are infection with herpes simplex 1 hsv1, varicella zoster virus vzv. Oral ulcers, although very common entity in dental clinics can be very challenging to diagnose because of their diversity in etiology and presentation. Oral manifestations of systemic disease hairy leukoplakia. Viral infections in oral mucosa, european journal of oral. Viral diseases a guide to clinical differential diagnosis of oral.
Dr ravikumar v, jr ii, dept of oral path, gdc, kottayam 2. Most of these infections are highly contagious and, with a few exceptions, antimicrobial drugs are not effective for treatment. Infections in nhsn, nor can they be associated with the use of a central line. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions is discussed in this article and will provide the family practitioner with an up to date guide to better diagnosis and management. Pdf viral infections of the oral mucosa and perioral region are commonly encountered in the practice of dentistry. Stoopler, dmd, fds rcsed, fds rcsengd, keywords herpes virus viral infection oral cavity mouth antivirals key points oral herpes virus infections ohvis are commonly encountered in. Infections of the oral cavity are most commonly odontogenic in origin and include dental caries, periapical infections, gingivitis, periodontal infections and abscesses, and deep fascial space infections. At this point differential diagnostic considerations become important tenorio et al. Viral infections of oral cavity santosh ab, muddana k j family med. Shafers textbook of oral pathology 7th edition pdf free. Chapter 20 discusses oral viral infections, which are a significant cause of morbidity amongst cancer patients, resulting in both oropharyngeal symptoms e.
Viruses are by nature more difficult to detect, at least with traditional methods such as in vitro cultivation. What are the most common types of viral oral infections. Fortunately, many of these diseases are mild and self limiting. Spread of oral infection section ii diseases of microbial origin 5.
Atypical presentations may be seen in immunocompromised patients. Infections of the oral cavity, neck, and head infectious. Orofacial infections may cause significant discomfort to the patients and unnecessary economic burden. Prevalence of systemic disorders in cats with oral lesions. Pathological findings in the oral cavity are often overlooked and are taken to be symptoms of recur rent oral diseases. The clinical presentation of common oral viral infections encountered in the dental practice are discussed, including. Viral diseases infections of the oral cavity, oral mucosa and perioral regions are generally encountered by dentists and have not received the required recognition until recently and viruses are both ulcerogenic and the tumorigenic agents of human oral cavity. Herpes simplex virus hsv types 1 and 2 commonly infect skin and oral mucosa. Saliva plays a key role in protecting the body from a wide variety of viral infections in addition to its role in controlling the colonization of bacteria in the oral cavity. The role of several viruses in ulceration is well known, but viruses of the herpes family may play a role in periodontitis, and papillomaviruses are probably involved in oral cancer. However, the advent of the tools of molecular biology, particularly various pcrbased methods, has changed the situation.
The aetiology of epithelial cancer of the head and neck is considered to be a multifactorial, sequential process. Most viral infections occur across mucosal membranes. Pdf viral infections of the oral mucosa and perioral region. This article discusses common viral infections in the oral cavity that will be helpful to dental students, general dentists, and. In a terminally ill patient, mouth infections such as thrush are very common as the person approaches closer to death. Fungal infections of the oral cavity free download as powerpoint presentation. Many viruses are capable of entering and causing disease in the respiratory system, and a number are able to spread beyond the respiratory system to cause systemic infections. Viral and fungal infections of the oral cavity sciencedirect. Oral squamous cell carcinoma oscc is the most common malignant tumour of the oral cavity. Recognizing these oral lesions often provides important. Cde oral pathology and oral medicine 2 oral infections viral infections viruses consist of. Oral mucosal ulcers range from ulcers due to minor local trauma to significant diseases such as bacterial, viral and fungal infections, malignancy and other systemic illness. Examination of the oral cavity is an integral part of every clinical examination. Epsteinbarr virus ebv and cytomegalovirus cmv are herpesviruses, which account for the majority of oral viral infections.
Fungal infections of the oral cavity for dental students. View and download powerpoint presentations on fungal infection in oral cavity ppt. Viral infections of the oral cavity usually manifest as either ulceration or blistering presentation of oral tissues. They include the herpes simplex virus, hand, foot and mouth disease hfmd, and in some cases, human papillomavirus or hpv. Update on oral herpes virus infections ramesh balasubramaniam, bdsc, msa,b, arthur s. Start studying viral infections and diseases of the oral cavity. Oral cavity or the mandibular and maxillary jaws are affected by a lot of acute and chronic infections which can occur due to various reasons and can be found in various locations in the jaws.
Thus, the early recognition of such infections is paramount for holistic patient management, and oral clinicians have a critical role in recognizing, diagnosing, managing, and preventing either new or old orofacial infections. Many of these infections only affect the mouth, but some can spread and become systemic infections. Hpv infections have received particular attention in recent years, as highrisk strains have been linked to some cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Viral, bacterial, and fungal infections of the oral mucosa. Oral cavity anatomical and physiological specificities. List of acute and chronic infections of oral cavity. See individual protocol chapters for infection criteria for urinary tract infections uti, bloodstream infections bsi, pneumonia pneu, ventilatorassociated infections vae, and surgical site infections ssi. Viral diseases of the oral mucosa and the perioral region are often encountered in dental practice, but have received only. Herpes simplex is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 hsv1 or type 2 hsv2. Shafers textbook of oral pathology 7th edition pdf download. Department of oral pathology and oral biology, university of pretoria.
Dna viruses are found in many different cancers and are also capable of transforming cells to a malignant phenotype. Viral diseasesinfections of the oral cavity, oral mucosa and perioral regions are generally encountered by dentists and have not received the required recognition until recently and viruses are both ulcerogenic and the tumorigenic agents of human oral cavity. Van heerden wfp, bchd, mchd oral path, fc path sa oral path, phd, dsc. Oral and dental management related to radiation therapy. Herpes simplex hsv i and ii skin, mucosa, eye and cns 4. Pdf examination of the oral cavity is an integral part of every clinical examination. Viral infections free download as powerpoint presentation. Nonetheless, many other viral infections can affect the oral cavity in humans, either as localized or systemic infections.
Intro what is a virus basic structure sequlae of infection classification 3. Infected saliva or droplets spread the viruses in the oral cavity. The incidence of oral cavity scc in individuals younger than age 40, who have no known risk factors nonsmokers and not infected with hpv, has been on the rise. Table 1 summarizes the main characteristics of common oral infections. Viruses are probably more involved in diseases associated with the oral cavity than has been previously thought. These infections are easy to treat in some cases and in some are difficult which is based on multiple factors along with differences in recurrence rates. More than 200 different viruses are known to cause the common cold. Infections of the mouth and oral cavity can be caused by a variety of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This article focuses on common viral infections in the oral cavity with associated systemic manifestations. These viruses are usually very contagious and can cause painful oral sores, depending on the type of oral virus. Single or double strand dna or rna protein coat capsid often with an envelope. The clinical presentation of various viral conditions is discussed in this article and will provide the family.
The plethora of mammalian viruses in the lesions seen in periodontitis proposes that viruses play a. Examination of the oral cavity in an integral part of every clinical examination. A viral disease of the oral cavity is the infectious type of pathology affecting oral tissues. The oral cavity is the primary site of many viral illnesses as well as a site with specific manifestations of more systemic viral disease. Herpes simplex virus, varicellazoster virus, and epsteinbarr virus infections nearly always.
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